Shadow IT refers to the practice of employees or departments using technology solutions—such as software applications, cloud services, or hardware devices—without the approval, oversight, or awareness of the organization’s IT department. This often arises when users seek faster or more convenient tools to meet their needs, bypassing formal procurement or security processes. While it can increase productivity and innovation, shadow IT introduces significant risks, including potential data breaches, compliance violations, and gaps in security. Since these tools operate outside the company’s established governance structures, they are often not properly monitored, managed, or secured, making the organization vulnerable to cyber threats and inefficiencies.