RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) encryption is a widely used asymmetric cryptographic algorithm that relies on a pair of keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. Its security is based on the difficulty of factoring large prime numbers. RSA allows secure communication over insecure channels, enabling users to encrypt messages with the public key that only the private key holder can decrypt. Commonly used in securing internet communications and digital signatures, RSA is essential for protecting sensitive data, although it is slower than symmetric encryption methods. As quantum computing evolves, research into quantum-resistant alternatives to RSA is ongoing.