Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a framework of policies, technologies, and processes that ensures the right individuals have appropriate access to an organization’s resources. IAM systems manage digital identities and govern access permissions for users, ensuring that only authorized individuals can access specific data, applications, and systems. This includes user authentication, role-based access control, and the provisioning and de-provisioning of user accounts. Effective IAM enhances security by reducing the risk of unauthorized access and ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements.