Attribute-based access control (ABAC) is an access management approach that determines user permissions based on a combination of attributes related to the user, the resource, and the environment. These attributes can include details like the user’s role, department, location, time of access, or the sensitivity level of the data being accessed. Instead of relying solely on predefined roles or permissions, ABAC evaluates these attributes dynamically at the time of access, allowing for more granular and flexible control over who can access specific resources. This method is particularly effective in complex environments where access decisions need to consider multiple factors simultaneously, enabling organizations to enforce sophisticated security policies that adapt to various contexts and requirements.